Replaces common plain text characters with formatted entities.

Returns given text with transformations of quotes into smart quotes, apostrophes,
dashes, ellipses, the trademark symbol, and the multiplication symbol.

As an example,

’cause today’s effort makes it worth tomorrow’s “holiday” …

Becomes:

’cause today’s effort makes it worth tomorrow’s “holiday” …

Code within certain HTML blocks are skipped.

Do not use this function before the {@see ‘init’} action hook; everything will break.

function wptexturize( $text, $reset = false ) {
	global $wp_cockneyreplace, $shortcode_tags;
	static $static_characters            = null,
		$static_replacements             = null,
		$dynamic_characters              = null,
		$dynamic_replacements            = null,
		$default_no_texturize_tags       = null,
		$default_no_texturize_shortcodes = null,
		$run_texturize                   = true,
		$apos                            = null,
		$prime                           = null,
		$double_prime                    = null,
		$opening_quote                   = null,
		$closing_quote                   = null,
		$opening_single_quote            = null,
		$closing_single_quote            = null,
		$open_q_flag                     = '',
		$open_sq_flag                    = '',
		$apos_flag                       = '';

	// If there's nothing to do, just stop.
	if ( empty( $text ) || false === $run_texturize ) {
		return $text;
	}

	// Set up static variables. Run once only.
	if ( $reset || ! isset( $static_characters ) ) {
		/**
		 * Filters whether to skip running wptexturize().
		 *
		 * Returning false from the filter will effectively short-circuit wptexturize()
		 * and return the original text passed to the function instead.
		 *
		 * The filter runs only once, the first time wptexturize() is called.
		 *
		 * @since 4.0.0
		 *
		 * @see wptexturize()
		 *
		 * @param bool $run_texturize Whether to short-circuit wptexturize().
		 */
		$run_texturize = apply_filters( 'run_wptexturize', $run_texturize );
		if ( false === $run_texturize ) {
			return $text;
		}

		/* translators: Opening curly double quote. */
		$opening_quote = _x( '“', 'opening curly double quote' );
		/* translators: Closing curly double quote. */
		$closing_quote = _x( '”', 'closing curly double quote' );

		/* translators: Apostrophe, for example in 'cause or can't. */
		$apos = _x( '’', 'apostrophe' );

		/* translators: Prime, for example in 9' (nine feet). */
		$prime = _x( '′', 'prime' );
		/* translators: Double prime, for example in 9" (nine inches). */
		$double_prime = _x( '″', 'double prime' );

		/* translators: Opening curly single quote. */
		$opening_single_quote = _x( '‘', 'opening curly single quote' );
		/* translators: Closing curly single quote. */
		$closing_single_quote = _x( '’', 'closing curly single quote' );

		/* translators: En dash. */
		$en_dash = _x( '–', 'en dash' );
		/* translators: Em dash. */
		$em_dash = _x( '—', 'em dash' );

		$default_no_texturize_tags       = array( 'pre', 'code', 'kbd', 'style', 'script', 'tt' );
		$default_no_texturize_shortcodes = array( 'code' );

		// If a plugin has provided an autocorrect array, use it.
		if ( isset( $wp_cockneyreplace ) ) {
			$cockney        = array_keys( $wp_cockneyreplace );
			$cockneyreplace = array_values( $wp_cockneyreplace );
		} else {
			/*
			 * translators: This is a comma-separated list of words that defy the syntax of quotations in normal use,
			 * for example... 'We do not have enough words yet'... is a typical quoted phrase. But when we write
			 * lines of code 'til we have enough of 'em, then we need to insert apostrophes instead of quotes.
			 */
			$cockney = explode(
				',',
				_x(
					"'tain't,'twere,'twas,'tis,'twill,'til,'bout,'nuff,'round,'cause,'em",
					'Comma-separated list of words to texturize in your language'
				)
			);

			$cockneyreplace = explode(
				',',
				_x(
					'’tain’t,’twere,’twas,’tis,’twill,’til,’bout,’nuff,’round,’cause,’em',
					'Comma-separated list of replacement words in your language'
				)
			);
		}

		$static_characters   = array_merge( array( '...', '``', '''', ' (tm)' ), $cockney );
		$static_replacements = array_merge( array( '…', $opening_quote, $closing_quote, ' ™' ), $cockneyreplace );

		// Pattern-based replacements of characters.
		// Sort the remaining patterns into several arrays for performance tuning.
		$dynamic_characters   = array(
			'apos'  => array(),
			'quote' => array(),
			'dash'  => array(),
		);
		$dynamic_replacements = array(
			'apos'  => array(),
			'quote' => array(),
			'dash'  => array(),
		);
		$dynamic              = array();
		$spaces               = wp_spaces_regexp();

		// '99' and '99" are ambiguous among other patterns; assume it's an abbreviated year at the end of a quotation.
		if ( "'" !== $apos || "'" !== $closing_single_quote ) {
			$dynamic[ '/'(dd)'(?=Z|[.,:;!?)}-]]|>|' . $spaces . ')/' ] = $apos_flag . '$1' . $closing_single_quote;
		}
		if ( "'" !== $apos || '"' !== $closing_quote ) {
			$dynamic[ '/'(dd)"(?=Z|[.,:;!?)}-]]|>|' . $spaces . ')/' ] = $apos_flag . '$1' . $closing_quote;
		}

		// '99 '99s '99's (apostrophe)  But never '9 or '99% or '999 or '99.0.
		if ( "'" !== $apos ) {
			$dynamic['/'(?=dd(?:Z|(?![%d]|[.,]d)))/'] = $apos_flag;
		}

		// Quoted numbers like '0.42'.
		if ( "'" !== $opening_single_quote && "'" !== $closing_single_quote ) {
			$dynamic[ '/(?&/[]x00-x20=]++)@', $text, $matches );
	$tagnames         = array_intersect( array_keys( $shortcode_tags ), $matches[1] );
	$found_shortcodes = ! empty( $tagnames );
	$shortcode_regex  = $found_shortcodes ? _get_wptexturize_shortcode_regex( $tagnames ) : '';
	$regex            = _get_wptexturize_split_regex( $shortcode_regex );

	$textarr = preg_split( $regex, $text, -1, PREG_SPLIT_DELIM_CAPTURE | PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY );

	foreach ( $textarr as &$curl ) {
		// Only call _wptexturize_pushpop_element if $curl is a delimiter.
		$first = $curl[0];
		if ( '